4 Human’s concepts toward Nature
1)
Anthropocentric,
2) Eastern Religious Ethics, 3. Holistic Approach, 4) Naturalism:
1.
Anthropocentric
Human is master of Nature, Nature is slave and not
has value in itself, if it is not served to human. Human has the right and
freedom to rule for conquer and study, ex. To kill animal is not sinful because
it has not feeling like human.
A) Ancient period – use the divines to explain the
phenomena of Nature, ex. Apollo, Poseidon etc. B)
Greek period – use the law of Nature explain the Nature.
C) Middle period – The theologist of Christianity. God created the nature for
human, human is master of nature as the stanza;
God
made the beasts of the earth after their kind, and the cattle after their kind,
and everything that creeps on the ground after its kind; and God saw that it
was good. Then God said, "Let Us make man in our images, according to Our
likeness; and let them rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the
sky and over the cattle and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing
that creeps on the earth." God created man in His own image, in the image
of God He created him; male and female He created them.
Modern
age – Use the scientific method, scientific knowledge which can make human to
be master and owner of nature; - The Conquest of Nature; - Change from seeing
the truth to seeing property and facility unlimited;
2.
Eastern
Religious Ethics
• Brahmanism
– Hinduism : Live with environment for achievement the ultimate goal of life
• Mahatama
Gandhi: “the nature is enough to earn human life, but nothing is enough for
human’s greed” and “Human earn their life harmony with nature, if do not want
confront of disaster.
• Buddhism:
All things live together. If there are something change, will effect to others.
The relationship between morality links to universal thing, the aim is for
achievement and oneness with nature.
• Confucius:
Human is good in themselves, and they have the freedom to develop themselves.
3.
Ecology - Holistic Approach
• Focus
on the relationship of all things, explain the nature in field of “ecology”
• Haman
is the part of food chain in the world.
4.
Naturalism
Are any of several philosophical stances wherein all
phenomena or hypotheses commonly labeled as supernatural are either false or
not inherently different from natural phenomena or hypotheses. This theory does
not accept scientific experiment or any method.
Earn
life unambitiously
• Realize
the value of nature and practice harmony with nature.
• Do
not be dominated Consumerism)
• How
much is enough? Do not consume with desire.